What is a virtual power plant, and how do CPS Nodes play a role?

A virtual power plant is defined as a system that integrates various distributed energy resources—such as solar panels, wind turbines, batteries, and demand response resources—into a unified operating entity. This coordination allows these resources to work together as if they were a single power plant, improving efficiency, reliability, and flexibility in responding to energy demands and supply conditions.

CPS (Cyber-Physical Systems) Nodes are crucial in this context as they enable the intelligent operation of these distributed resources. Through data collection and analysis, CPS Nodes help monitor the performance of each resource, facilitate communication between them, and optimize their collective operation. This interconnectivity ensures that the virtual power plant can respond to fluctuations in energy demand and supply in real-time, enhancing grid stability and efficiency.

In summary, the correct choice highlights the interconnected and coordinated nature of a virtual power plant, emphasizing the role of CPS Nodes in managing and optimizing these various energy resources to function as a cohesive system.