Why is power consumption a critical factor in the design of sensor networks?

Power consumption is a critical factor in the design of sensor networks primarily because of limited battery life. Sensor networks are often deployed in remote or inaccessible locations where regular maintenance or battery replacement is not feasible. Consequently, these networks need to be energy-efficient to maximize their operational lifespan.

When designing sensor nodes, engineers must consider how each component and function impacts overall energy usage. High power consumption can lead to rapid drainage of batteries, resulting in shorter network lifespans and increased operational costs due to the need for frequent maintenance or replacements.

By optimizing power consumption, designers can enhance the longevity and reliability of the sensor network, ensuring it performs as needed over an extended period without human intervention. As such, power efficiency becomes a cornerstone of design considerations in sensor networks, making option B the most pertinent answer.