In CPS Node Architecture, how do sensors and actuators interact?

In the context of CPS (Cyber-Physical Systems) Node Architecture, sensors and actuators have a well-defined interaction that is central to the system's functionality. Sensors are responsible for detecting and measuring physical phenomena, such as temperature, pressure, or motion. They gather data from the environment and convert it into a format that can be used by the system for processing. Once this data is collected, it is then sent to actuators, which are devices that execute actions based on the received data.

This interaction typifies a critical feedback loop where sensors provide the necessary information that allows actuators to perform their functions effectively. For example, in an automated heating system, temperature sensors monitor the current temperature and send this data to an actuator that controls the heating system. If the temperature falls below a predetermined threshold, the actuator will activate the heater to raise the temperature back to the desired level.

This dynamic ensures that the system can respond to environmental changes in real time, which is essential for maintaining desired performance levels in CPS. Hence, the correct choice highlights the essential role of sensors in informing actuators, which is foundational to the operation and efficiency of Cyber-Physical Systems.